Nematoda, Volume 3; doi:10.4322/nematoda.00116
One
of the major challenges facing beef cattle farming in Brazil, with the
current situation of inefficacious anti-helminthic treatments and the
absence of any prospect for new molecules appearing on the market, is
sustainable control for gastrointestinal verminosis. The proposals
currently being studied and those already evaluated show that the most
coherent way in which to control gastrointestinal nematodes efficiently
is by understanding their biology more thoroughly. There should be an
emphasis on the free-living phases observed in the pasture microhabitat,
which is directly influenced by climatic factors, among which
temperature and humidity stand out. To a lesser degree, barometric
pressure, solar ray incidence, cloud cover, evaporation, wind, quantity
of vegetation and some other factors may interfere directly in their
migration, survival and maintenance and, consequently, influence the
rate of infection. The isolation of each environmental variable to
determine its level of interference in the behavior of larvae in the
pastures under field conditions is a practice that has not so far been
accessible. Knowledge about climatic variations may be used as an
important tool in the correct implementation of control strategies that
aim to make intelligent use of anti-helminthic treatments, reducing the
risk of animal infection and increasing the number of parasites in refugia.
However, new field studies are still necessary to clarify the real
contribution that each climate variable makes to the behavior of larvae
in the pasture and their impact on the increased risk of infection and
animal parasite burden.
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